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Post by Admin Wed May 26, 2010 1:38 pm

MGMT 625 (Change
Management)






Which of
the following is NOT a characteristic of the period of creativity phase?



Communication
is frequent and informal



Long
hours of work are rewarded by modest salaries



Control
of activities comes from immediate marketplace feedback


Accounting
systems for inventory and purchasing are introduced








Identify an
approach in which second group gives an alternate plan.



Expert
system approach



Devil’s
advocate approach


Dialectical
inquiry approach





External
analysis approach






Which of
the following refers to birth of an organization according to Baird &
Meshoulam?


Organization
initiation





Functional
growth



Controlled
growth



Strategic
integration






Which of
the following is Not an internal source of structural inertia?



Sunk
cost



Communication
problem



Organizational
politics



Technological
advancement ??






When did
Baird & Meshoulam describe organization life cycle model?



1988



1978



1968



1958





In which of
the following approach assumptions behind the plan are not shared with
organizational members?



Expert
system approach



Devil’s
advocate approach



Dialectical
inquiry approach



External
analysis approach






Which of
the following is an application of evolutionary theories?



Introduction
of new management system



Strategic
Assumptions Analysis



Quality
management movement



Expert
system approach






Which of
the following terms describes "selection of strategies from among
alternative courses of action, both for the enterprise as a whole and for every
department or section"?


Planning ???




Organizing


Leading


Controlling





Identify
the minimum requirement of entities by dialectical theories to fill the roles
of thesis and antithesis



Five



Four


Three





Two






Mergers and
acquisitions are examples of which of the following?


Internal development



External development




Incremental development


Gradual development





Which of
the following theories establishes that “Goal is considered as a final cause
for guiding movement of an entity”?



Life cycle theory

Teleological theory ??




Dialectical theory


Evolutionary theory





Which one
of the following theories explains 'Change' as a recurrent, cumulative, and
probabilistic progression of variation, selection, and retention among entities
in a designated population?



Life cycle theories


Teleological theories


Dialectical theories

Evolutionary theories







All of the
following are time-consuming methods for dealing with resistance to change,
EXCEPT:


Stress management




Employee involvement


Learning


Coercion





Which of
the following is a function of attitude?



Routine


Habit




Behavior


Policy






Identify a
theory according to which environment selects and decides the validity of
organization form, process and practices to become effective and efficient.



Life
cycle theory



Teleological
theory



Dialectical
theory


Evolutionary
theory








Which of
the following defines a learning that occurs when, in addition to detection and
correction of errors, the organization questions and modifies its existing
norms, procedures, policies and objectives?


Single-loop
learning




Double-loop
learning





Surface
learning



Deep
learning






Kurt
Lewin's three-step model for successful change in organizations includes:



Unfreeze,
move and freeze


Unfreeze, change and refreeze




Change,
refreeze and unfreeze



Refreeze,
move and unfreeze






Which of
the following terms describes "the tendency of businesses, technologies,
or philosophies to spread throughout the world"?



Internationalization

Globalization




Localization


Glocalization





According
to which of the following “dialectical theory rests on the assumption that the
organizational entity exist in a pluralistic world of colliding events, forces,
or contradictory values that compete with each other for domination and
control”?



Aristotle

Van de Ven




Marx


Plato





According
to Beckhard & Harris three stages of change management process include:



Unfreeze,
change and refreeze


Current state, transition state and future state




Pre-contemplation,
contemplation and action



Anticipation,
confirmation and culmination






When
organizational systems and structures are realigned with the desired
behaviours, this is referred to as:
Refreezing


Unfreezing




Feedback


Resistance





Which of
the following is NOT a stage in Kurt Lewin's Model for Change?



Unfreeze



Change



Refreeze


Defrost








Which of
the following is NOT a weakness of devil’s advocacy approach?


It
gives no solution





It
demoralizes managers



It
makes managers’ behavior destructive



It
focuses on what is going wrong






Which of the following is the fourth stage of “Miller &
Freisen Model”?



Birth


Growth

Revival




Maturity





Joint
venture is an example of which of the following?


Strategic change




Process
change



Generative
change



Adaptive
change






Which of
the following is the third stage of “Miller & Freisen Model”?



Birth


Growth


Revival

Maturity







Which of
the following is an organizational culture in which authority concentrates
among few individuals? Power
culture



Role culture


Task
culture



Person
culture






Which of
the following terms describes "the process of planning, coordinating, and
implementing changes to the information processing production, distribution,
and system facilities"?


Change management




Management


Conflict
management



Crisis
management






Sony
introduces hundreds of new products (including improved products) every year.
This continuous change is the most effective organizational environment for
which of the following?



Refreezing

Unfreezing




Negotiations


Resistance





In terms of
organizational change, maintenance of the status quo represents:


Stability




Opposition


Instability


Contradiction





“Model of
strategic planning” is a part of which of the following?



Life cycle
theories


Teleological theories




Dialectical
theories



Evolutionary
theories






Which of
the following theories operate on a multiple entity?


Life cycle and teleological theories




Teleological
and dialectical theories



Dialectical
and evolutionary theories



Evolutionary
and life cycle theories






Identify
the year in which Beckhard & Harris proposed a model of change management
process.



1957


1967


1977


1987

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Post by Admin Wed May 26, 2010 1:38 pm

“Learning
that creates stability and culture is different from the learning that enables
organizations to innovate as they encounter changing conditions in both their
external and internal environment.” Which of the following experts gave above
mentioned concept?



Schein Charles Toffler
Schon






When the
new program gets merged with the existing processes, it refers to:



Missionary phase Modification phase Maturity
phase
Declining phase






Merger and
acquisition is an example of which of the following?


Strategic change




Process
change



Generative
change



Adaptive
change






As an
entity progresses through a necessary sequence of stages or phases, which of
the following depicts the process of change in the entity?


Life
cycle theory





Teleological
theory



Dialectical
theory



Evolutionary
theory






Which of
the following strategies refers to revolutionary types of change in terms of
strategic management?



Internal
development



External
development



Incremental
development



Gradual
development






Which of these best describes restraining
forces?



Unfreezing


Negotiation


Refreezing

Resistance
to change ??








31. An
approach in which an external consultant recommends a solution to
organizational problems according to technical view point, is known as:



A. Expert system approach


B. Devil’s
advocate approach



C.
Dialectical inquiry approach



D.
External analysis approach






54)
In psychology the observation that people often do (or believe) things because
many


other
people do (or believe) the same is called _____________.


A. Band wagon effect


B.
Benchmarking


C.
Fashion


D.
Trend





According to which of the following author, organizational
development is driven by some generic code or prefigured program within the
developing entity?



Lewin


Nisbet


Poole


Miller





48) Which of the following contexts would
most suit a transformational leader?

A. An organization that is
in trouble





B. An
organization that is performing well


C. An
organization in a stable environment


D. An
organization in a mature industry





32. Which
of the following is considered as best decision making approach?



A. Expert
system approach



B. Devil’s
advocate approach



C. Dialectical inquiry approach


D.
External analysis approach






Which of
the following is an organizational culture in which teams are formed to solve
particular problems?



Power
culture



Role
culture


Task
culture





Person
culture






“If we
could understand the ways in which individuals were motivated we could
influence them by changing the components of that motivation process.” Which of
the following experts gave above mentioned concept?



Edgar
Schein



Alvin
Toffler



Charles
Handy



Peter
Senge






Which of
the following introduced concept of logical incrementalism?



Kurt
Lewin


James Brian Quinn




Edgar
Schein



Michael
Peter Senge






How many
features of theory of organizational actions are there?



Six
???



Five


Four


Three





Which of
the following is one of the dimensions of Greiner’s Model?


Age of organization ??




Development of organization


Flexibility of organization


Adaptability of organization





Identify an
approach in which two different groups assigned to the problem and each group
evaluates the other group’s alternatives.



Expert system approach


Devil’s advocate approach ???

Dialectical inquiry
approach





External analysis approach





Organizations
reflect type of negotiated order which refers to:



Learning



Conflict



Adaptation



Flexibility






Change
fails not because organizations are rigid and inflexible but they are
impressively imaginative. Who gave this view?


March ??




Hannan


Freeman


Taylor





Which of
the following is NOT a characteristic of the period of direction phase?



Select
correct option:



Communication becomes more formal
and impersonal



Incentives, budgets, and work
standards are adopted



Accounting systems for inventory and
purchasing are introduced


Communication is frequent
and informal ??








“Sunk cost” is a source of which of the
following?


Structural inertia ??




Natural selection


Adaptation


Variation





In which of
the following year, Kurt Lewin Model was developed?



Select
correct option:



1949 ??


1950


1951


1952





Identify an
approach in which the role of managers’ behavior is destructive rather than
constructive.



Expert system approach

Devil’s advocate
approach ???





Dialectical inquiry approach


External analysis approach





When
managers make rational choice under certain conditions of risk and cost-benefit
analyses. This process refers to:



Rule following

Problem solving ???




Decision making


Conflict resolving





According
to Greiner, in his five phases of growth model, what type of crisis follows
phase 2 (growth through direction)?



Crisis of control

Crisis of autonomy ??




Crisis of leadership


Crisis of growth





Which of
the following is based on the assumption that change proceeds toward a goal or
end state?



Life cycle theory

Teleological theory ???




Dialectical theory


Evolutionary theory





According
to Levinthal, an incremental change in an organizational routine in response to
feedback about outcome refers to:



Learning

Adaptation ??




Selection


Retention


Which of
the following is a unit of analysis of organizational ecological model?



Select
correct option:


Environment of
organization





Population of organization


Single organization


Size of organization ???





Joint
venture is an example of which of the following?



Internal development

External development ???




Incremental development


Gradual development





In McKinsey
7-S framework for business success, plans for the allocation for a firm’s
scarce resources over time to achieve organizational goals refer to:



Strategy ??


Structure


System


Safety








1. One of the advantages of a narrow
span of control is that:



a.
Employees can take more Holidays



b.
A manager can more easily communicate with employees



c. Feed
back is no longer required from employees



d. Fewer
appraisals need to be written each year.






2. A tall organization has:


a. A small
number of managers with wide span of control



b. A small
number of managers with narrow span of control



c. A large
number of managers with wide span of control



d. A large number of managers with narrow spans of control





3. Which of the following would you not expect
to find at an organization that possesses a very strong culture?



a. The
company has a profound slogan that is proudly displayed throughout the
organization.
b. The organization provides an extensive training program for newly hired
employees.
c. The organization uses an in-depth selection process for all potential job
candidates.
d. The organization only engages newspaper advertisements to
fill vacant job positions
.






4. Of the forces that shape the ethics of an
organization's managers, which one would be comprised of government
regulations, special interest groups, and global market forces?



a.
Organizational culture
b. Personal ethics
c. External stakeholders
d. Organizational systems






5. Organizational
restructuring is an example of ________ change.



a. strategic



b. transformational


c. structural


d. incremental





6- “Changes should not be considered only in terms of the
process but should also be considered from historical, cultural and political
features.” Above statement is given by:





a) Andrew M Pettigrew


b) Instane Berg


c) Philips Kotler


d) None of the above





7-Outer context refers to all the given options except:





a) Economic environment


b) Competitive environment


c) Political environment


d) Corporate environment





8-The process of change refers to ————,————and ———— from the
various interested parties.





a) Thinking, implementing and modifying


b) Action, reaction and interaction


c) Modernization, articulation and appreciation


d) Efforts, emotions and prayers





9-The process in the organization in turn depends upon the
following except:





a) Change management


b) Pattern through time


c) Formulation /implementation process


d) Political and cultural views of
the firms






10-SOC is the abbreviation of:





a) Strategic and operational client


b) Strategic organizational change


c) Structural and operational control


d) Sources of change





11-This is stated to be the requirement of ISO certification
that that each and every member should know what their mission, vision, and
values are:





a) ISO 9000 series standards


b) ISO 14000 series standards


c) Both (a) and (b)


d) Malcon baldrige Awards





12-In recruitment the following policy (ies) is:





a) Whether to hire from within


b) Hire from market


c) Both (a) and (b)


d) None of the Above





13- ————— are objects, events, acts or people which express
more than their intrinsic context.





a) Habits


b) Values


c) Symbols


d) All of the above





14- Interview procedure that shows a mechanistic and
hierarchical organization is:





a) Formal interview


b) Informal interview


c) Longitudinal interview


d) One that is conducted with great care an didn’t depict
anything





15-More specific tactics of change which might be employed
to facilitate change process are:


a) 4


b) 7


c) 3


d) 6





16- Three crucial determinants to make the change plan and
strategy effective are environmental, structural and —————.





a) Managerial style


b) managerial constraints


c) Management orientation


d) Infrastructure feasibility





17-Change in environment will be coupled with all except;





a) Change in services


b) Target the customer at some other market place


c) Change in stakeholders


d) Development of a new product.





18-If organization production strategy is based on quality
production then it should not go for ———— type of strategy.





a) Differentiation Specialty


b) cost leadership


c) cost volume


d) none of the above





19-prerequisities for organizational change according to
———— are motivating change, managing the transition and shaping the political
dynamics of change:





a) Nalder


b) Robert Waterman


c) Thomas Peters


d) Bullock and Batten





20-The organization dealing in many business, estimates
growth potential and losses for its business will go for ———— in those which
are in loss.





a) Market penetration


b) Divestment


c) Restructuring


d) none of the above





21-———— strategy assists business strategies.





a) Operational


b) Functional


c) Production


d) Process





22- The four most common leadership styles include all
except:





a) Authoritarian Style


b) Consensus oriented Style


c) Aggressive style


d) Democratic Style





23- One of the techniques to promote
cross-functionalism is of————.



a) Greater
interaction


b) Job specification


c) Job rotation


d) All of the above





24- Managing —————are critical to
successfully leading organizational change:





a) Values and cultural artifacts


b) Socio cultural aspects


c) Cultural and demography


d) All the above





25- Strategic performance is a derivative of the
other ————‘S’s






a) 4


b) 7


c) 3


d) 6





6. What
does QMM stand for?



A. Quality
Marketing Management



B. Quality
Management Marketing



C. Quality
Movement Management



D. Quality Management Movement





26.
Identify a theory according to which environment plays decisive role in the
selection of forms, processes and practices in organization.



A. Life
cycle theory



B.
Teleological theory



C.
Dialectical theory



D. Evolutionary theory





27. What
does the acronym TQM stand for?



A. Total
Quality Manufacturing



B. Total
Quality Measurement



C. Total Quality Management


D. Total
Quantitative Method






28. In
terms of organizational change, “maintenance of the status quo” represents:



A. Stability


B.
Opposition



C.
Instability



D.
Contradiction






29.
Identify the correct order of dialectical cycle.



A. Thesis-Antithesis-Synthesis


B.
Synthesis-Antithesis-Thesis



C.
Thesis-Synthesis-Antithesis



D.
Antithesis-Synthesis-Thesis






30. Which
of the following theories operate on a multiple entity?



A. Life
cycle and teleological theories



B.
Teleological and dialectical theories



C. Dialectical and evolutionary theories


D.
Evolutionary and life cycle theories

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Post by Admin Wed May 26, 2010 1:39 pm

33. How
many stages of biological evolution are there?



A. Five


B. Four


C. Three


D. Two





34. Which
of the following defines “the creation of novel forms of organizations are
often viewed to emerge by blind or random chance”?



A. Variation


B.
Selection



C.
Retention



D.
Collection






35. Which
of the following strategies refers to slow, gradual or incremental type of
change in terms of strategic management?



A. Internal development


B.
External development



C.
Revolutionary development



D. Radical
development






36. Joint
venture is an example of which of the following?



A.
Internal development



B. External development


C.
Revolutionary development



D. Radical
development






37. Which
of the following is one of the dimensions of Greiner’s Model?



A. Growth
rate of the company



B. Growth
rate of the market



C. Growth
rate of the economy



D. Growth rate of the industry





38. Which
of the following is a characteristic of the period of delegation phase?



A. Long
hours of work are rewarded by modest salaries



B.
Incentives, budgets, and work standards are adopted



C.
Accounting systems for inventory and purchasing are introduced



D. Profit centers and bonuses are used to
stimulate motivation






39. According to Greiner, in his five phases of growth model, what
type of crisis follows phase 1 (growth through creativity)?



A. Crisis
of control



B. Crisis
of autonomy



C. Crisis of leadership


D. Crisis
of growth






40. When procedures take precedence over problem solving and
innovation is dampened, which of the following crisis is created?



A. Control
crisis



B.
Autonomy crisis



C.
Leadership crisis



D. Red tape crisis





41.
Identify leading proponents of organization ecology model.



A. Hannan and Freeman


B. Weber
and Taylor



C. Schein
and Quinn



D.
Mintzberg and Fayol






42. Which
of the following is an internal source of structural inertia?



A. Sunk cost


B. New
technology



C. Government regulations


D. Social
legitimacy






43. Identify a scholar who defined specie as “a form of
organization that exists through generations of individual organizations which
are members of the specie".



A. Weber


B. Hannan


C. McKelvey


D. Taylor





44.
Organizational birth rates and death rates refer to:



A. Vital rates


B. Growth
rates



C.
Inflation rates



D.
Reduction rates






45) In circumstances of incremental change,
strategic change is likely to be more


successful if:


A. It
is imposed


B. It
is owned by the senior manager


C. It is internalized and owned by those who will implement it


D. It
is facilitated by management consultants





46) 'Logical instrumentalism' can be
described as:


A.
Careful design and planning


B. Emergent


C.
Cautious resource allocation


D.
Top management rational analysis





47) Organizations that are good at developing
relevant capabilities to respond to a


changing context are known as:


A.
Knowing organizations


B.
Stretch organizations


C. Learning organizations


D.
None of the given options





49) Theorists have identified two main styles
of leadership. These are


transformational leadership and:


A.
Transgression leadership


B. Transactional leadership


C.
Transparent leadership


D. Transcendental leadership














50)
Which of the following theories of change posit that individuals and
organizations


exist
in a pluralistic world filled with conflicting interests, ideas, and values?


A.
Life cycle


B.
Teleological


C. Dialectical


D.
Evolutionary





51
Which of the following is a dimension of organization structure?


A.
Departmentalization


B.
Span of control


C.
Hierarchy layer


D. All of the given options


52
Which of the following is Not included in McKinsey 7 S framework?


A.
Strategy


B.
Structure


C.
System


D. Safety





53
Which of the following areas is Not one of the four key areas that strategic
change


seeks
to influence?


A.
People


B. Technology


C.
Formal organisation structures


D.
Informal organisation structures





55. According
to Pettigrew the important aspects of the outer context include:






a. The extent of
regulation in the industry in which an organization is located



b. The presence of
other influential stakeholders



c.
Both (a) and (b)



d. None of the
given options






56.
Which of the following are characteristics of transformational change?






a. systemic and
revolutionary
b. triggered by environmental disruptions
c. driven by all employees
d. Both (a) and (b)






57. Among the most common and
influential forces of organizational change are the emergence of new
competitors and –––––––––––.








a. Innovations in
technology



b. new company
leadership



c evolving
attitudes towards work



d.
All the given options.



58. Organizational learning
interventions emphasize which of the following?



a. social processes

b. organizational structure
c. shared knowledge
d . Both (b) and (c)






59. Motivating change , Managing the transition and Shaping the political
dynamics of change are prerequisites for installing a change in an organization
recommended by ––––––––






a. Alex miller


b.Nadler


c. Simon


d. Snow Charles





Mark
True or False. 5 Marks



6)
According to “Dialectical theory” human actions are purposive. F


7)
“Decision making” is a part of planning activity. T


Cool In an organization, employees are the recipient of
change plan.T



9)
“ISO certification” is a part of teleological approach to change management.T


10) Dialectical process is identified as Thesis, Antithesis
and Synthesis.T





TRUE|FALSE


1.
Values-based leadership is primarily focused around shared, strongly
internalized values and beliefs that are advocated and acted upon by the
leader. False





2. The use of expert authority and
persuasiveness of data is considered more effective rather than of positional
authority or emotionality of charismatic leadership. True








3. There exists no relationship between
quantum change, discontinuous change and radical change.
False

4. Managing values
and cultural artifacts are critical to successfully leading organizational
change. True









5. Reinforcing new behaviors by linking formal rewards directly to the desired
behaviors is not practiced in OD.
False





TRUE / FALSE





  • Mangers can’t
    focus too much on procedures and due-process of law. False
  • Many organisations that fail to
    abandon past practices have to either wind-up or compromise to lower
    levels of growth. True
  • learning
    attributes in stable environment is same as learning characteristics in
    dynamic environment. False
  • A single
    organization can grow indefinitely and still maintain its original form. False
  • Environment
    selects and decides the validity of organization form, process and
    practices to become effective and efficient. True









TRUE|FALSE


1.
Values-based leadership is primarily focused around shared, strongly
internalized values and beliefs that are advocated and acted upon by the
leader. False





2. The use of expert authority and
persuasiveness of data is considered more effective rather than of positional
authority or emotionality of charismatic leadership. True








3. There exists no relationship between
quantum change, discontinuous change and radical change.
False

4. Managing values
and cultural artifacts are critical to successfully leading organizational
change. True









5. Reinforcing new behaviors by linking formal rewards directly to the desired
behaviors is not practiced in OD.
False





Mark True or False. 5 Marks


6)
According to “Dialectical theory” human actions are purposive.F


7)
“Decision making” is a part of planning activity.T


Cool In an organization, employees are the recipient of
change plan.T



9)
“ISO certification” is a part of teleological approach to change management.T


10)
Dialectical process is identified as Thesis, Antithesis and Synthesis.T





Mark
True or False. 5 Marks



6) A
change agent is the facilitator of the change.T


7)
Periods of substantial turmoil in organization life are known as evolutionary
phase.F


Cool
Organizational ecology theories are based on Darwinian evolutionary models.T


9)
Selection refers to organizational efforts to respond to changing environmental


circumstances.F


10)
According to Hannan & Freeman “most organizations have structural inertia
that


hinders
adaptation when the environment changes”.T





TRUE\ FASLE


1. The outer
context can be classified into two variables which are tangibles and
intangibles. F






2. Unrealised
goals and poor or lack of communication, commitment from the top/seniors may
impede the change management process.T






3. Organizational
transformation is mainly concerned with qualitatively different ways of
perceiving, thinking, and behaving in organizations.T






4. Organizations will only undertake
transformational change when business is slow.F




5. If customer needs and wants change then this should be imperative for an
organization to change its products and strategies likewise.T






Fill in the Blanks.


  • Large
    organisations are complex because of
    Formalizationof process and
    reutilization.
  • Retention serves to counteract the self-reinforcing loop between
    selection and
    Variation
  • Asiatic style
    of management and learning is considered transformational while that of
    Western is more Transactional
  • Quality Management
    focuses more
    on production process than outcomes.
  • There
    are two types of change which are Action level and
    cognitive.






  • Human actions are purposive; goal is the final cause for guiding
    movement of an entity is the statement of… Teleological……theory.







  • Teleological and dialectical motors incorporate a Constructive
    mode of change and development.










  • Dialectical theory rests on the
    assumption that the organisational entity exist in a pluralistic world of
    colliding events, forces, or contradictory values that compete with each
    other for domination and control” is the statement ofVan de Ven scholar.






  • Famous scholar Karl Marx applied
    the concept dialectical materialism on history of economics.







  • A system may be said dialectical if it
    examines a Situation completely and logically from two different
    points of view.







  • Source of thesis (plan) and Anti-thesis (counter plan) is
    not clear in the dialectical theory.






  • Primarily Dialectical utilised as
    a decision making and environmental assessment technique for generating
    alternative and scenarios.







  • In overall analysis the dialectical
    design in organisation is introduced to have better Planning







  • Variation refers to the
    creations of novel forms of organisations are often viewed to emerge by
    blind or random chance.







  • Evolution explains change as a recurrent, cumulative, and probabilistic
    progression of variation, selection and retention of organisation
    entities.







  • 1 Greiner identified five phases of growth.






2.
Leading proponents organization ecology school of thought are
Glenn and Carroll








3.
Hanna and Freeman identified a number of processes that generate
Inertial pressures


both from internal structural arrangements and from
environmental constraints.






4.
Miller and Freisen identified external response to environmental changes as
Sluggish adaptation








5.
Population ecologists believe that environmental selection
Replaces


adaptation as the vehicle
of change.






6.
The larger an organization, the
Greater


the structural inertia and
the more control the organization can exercise over the environment.






7. A communication structure


in organization like
barriers misperception amongst various players at vertical and horizontal
levels also facilitates inertial process.






8. Transition is very difficult for those who
create and believe on the
Formal


methods of report
and answers.






9. Lawrence & Lorsch highlighted Red tape crisis


study as the
problem of differentiation and integration.






10. Developmental choice for founder is to choose
strong manager and step aside for perpetual growth or select week manager and
Compromise


on growth.


***************************8


Fill in the Blanks.


  • Large
    organisations are complex because of Formalizationof process and
    routinization.
  • Retention serves to counteract the
    self-reinforcing loop between selection andVariation.
  • Asiatic style
    of management and learning is considered transformational while that of
    Western is moreTransactional.
  • Quality Management focuses more on production process than
    outcomes.
  • There
    are two types of change which are Action level and cognitive.






TRUE / FALSE





  • Mangers can’t
    focus too much on procedures and due-process of law. F


17.
Many
organisations that fail to abandon past practices have to either wind-up or
compromise to lower levels of growth.
T





  • learning
    attributes in stable environment is same as learning characteristics in
    dynamic environment.F
  • A single
    organization can grow indefinitely and still maintain its original form. F
  • Environment
    selects and decides the validity of organization form, process and
    practices to become effective and efficient. T




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CHANGE MANAGEMENT





Question: What is the balanced scorecard?


Answer: The balanced scorecard is a
strategic planning and management system that is widely applicable to
organizations regardless of size or type of business. The system, extensively
used in business and industry, government, and nonprofit organizations
worldwide, provides a method of aligning business activities to the vision and
strategy of the organization, improving internal and external communications,
and monitoring organization performance against strategic goals.





Question: What is Kurt Lewin Model?


Answer: Twentieth-century psychologist Kurt
Lewin developed an influential three-stage model of how organizational change
occurs. Lewin’s model was based on his observations of group dynamics and
organizational development. This “unfreezing-change-refreeze” model focuses on
how people can be motivated to accept organizational change and reject and
replace the status quo with a new approach.





Question: What is Change Management?


Answer: Change management is about the
helping people through change. It is the process, tools and techniques for
proactively managing the people side of change in order to achieve the desired
business results.





Question: What is organizational change
management?


Answer: Organizational change management is
the perspective of business leadership from the top looking down into the organization.
The focus is around broad change management practices and skills that will help
the organization understand, accept and support the needed business change. The
emphasis is on communication, training and the overall culture or value system
of the organization.





Question: What is individual change
management?


Answer: Individual change management is the
management of change from the perspective of the employees. They are the ones
who ultimately must implement the change. The focus for individual change
management is around the tools and techniques to help employees through the
transition. Managers and supervisors must provide the coaching required to help
individuals understand their role and the decisions they make in the change
process.





Question: What is organizational development?


Answer: Organizational development (OD) is
the process through which an organization develops the internal capacity to be
the most effective, it can be in its mission work and to sustain itself over
the long term. This definition highlights the explicit connection between
organizational development work and the achievement of organizational mission.
This connection is the rationale for doing OD work.





Question: What is organizational learning?


Answer: Organizational learning is concerned
with the development of new knowledge or insights that have the potential to
influence behavior. It takes place within the wide institutional context of
inter-organizational relationships and refers broadly to an organization’s
acquisition of understanding, know-how, techniques and practices of any kind
and by any means.





Question: What is a difference between single
loop learning and double loop learning?


Answer: Single loop or adaptive learning is
sequential, incremental and focused on issues and opportunities that within the
scope of the organization’s activities. Double loop learning occurs when the
monitoring process initiates action to redefine the “governing variables” to
meet the new situation, which may be imposed by external environment.


________________________________________


Question: Who is devil’s advocate?


Answer: Devil advocate is a manager
(internal consultant) in an organization who criticizes the plan of experts
(planners) logically and factually and points out weaknesses for accuracy of
plan. In this technique of devil’s advocacy, manager does not recommend
solutions rather just criticize plan. Managers play destructive role in this
technique.


________________________________________


Question: What is mode of change?


Answer: Mode of change is defined as either
a prescribed or constructive mode. 1. Prescribed mode channels the development
of entities in a pre-specified direction. 2. Constructive mode involves novel
often discontinuous and unpredictable departures from past.

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